Itegeko ry’ishimikiro ry’ugushikiriza imodoka rishingiye ku mubare w’amapine atwara, rigabanya imodoka mu mice ibiri nyamukuru: amapine abiri-atwara n’amapine ane-atwara.
Ivyuma bibiri-bitwara
Ivyuma bibiri-bishobora gucagurwa bivanye n'aho moteri iri n'aho ivyuma bigenda, harimwo imbere-moteri inyuma-ivyuma bigenda (FR), imbere-moteri imbere{{engye 4}}ivyuma bigenda (FF), inyuma-moteri inyuma (RR}d inyuma-uruziga rwo gutwara (MR). Imbere-moteri inyuma-ikoreshwa cane cane mu modoka zibiri-zitwara amaguru zitari mu nzira-n'imodoka zigenda n'amaguru.
Imbere-moteri inyuma-uruziga (FR) ni uburyo busanzwe bwo gutwara. Amapine y'imbere ni yo atwara, mu gihe amapine y'inyuma ariyo atwara vyose. Muri iyo nzira, inguvu zose ziva kuri moteri zija ku nzira y’inyuma, zigatuma amapine y’inyuma agenda kugira ngo imodoka igende imbere. Mu yandi majambo, amapine y'inyuma "asunika" amapine y'imbere, agatuma imodoka ija imbere.
Ugereranije n’izindi nzira zibiri-zitwara amaguru, imbere-moteri y’inyuma-itwara amaguru irafise ivyiza vyinshi. Iyo utanguye, wihuta canke uriko uraduga ku nzira nziza, umukazo w’ugukwega ku makurudumu y’umuduga uragwira, bikaba bituma umuntu akwegakwega neza cane kuruta amakurudumu y’imbere-. Hagati aho, imodoka zifise moteri y’imbere-, inyuma-uruziga-ikoreshwa na zo nyene zitanga ugushikama kwiza cane no gutwara neza, kandi ni ngirakamaro mu kwagura ubuzima bw’amapine. Ikindi kandi, imbere-moteri, inyuma-uruziga-ivyo gutwara bituma moteri, clutch, n’ivyo guhindura umuduga vyegerana n’ibarabara ry’umushoferi, bikaba vyorosha uburyo bwo kugenzura n’imiterere y’uburyo bwo kuyobora, gutyo bikaba vyorosha gusubira gutwara no gutwara imodoka.
Ivyuma bine-Ivyuma bitwara
Ariko rero, nimba ikigutera ubwoba co kugura imodoka y’inyuma y’inzira ari ukugira ngo wineshe ubugaragwa n’amashamba vy’ukuri, rero ntukekeranye gukoresha amahera y’inyongera maze uhitemwo uburyo bwo gutwara imodoka y’amaguru ane--. Ivyo ni kubera ko no mu mabarabara meza, imodoka zitwara amaguru abiri-zishobora gunyerera ku rubura canke ahantu hanyerera, kandi zishobora gusenyuka cane mu gihe ziriko ziranyaruka. Ivyuma bine-bibuza ivyo bibazo. Muri ico gihe nyene, uburyo bwo gutwara amapine ane-bufise ubushobozi bwo gukoresha neza inguvu za moteri ugereranyije n’uburyo bwo gutwara amapine abiri-, bikaba bituma amapine akwegwa neza kandi akagira inguvu nziza zo kuyobora. Ku bijanye n’umutekano, iratuma kandi umuntu ashobora gutwara neza.
Igikoresho c'amaguru ane-bisigura ko amaguru yose y'imbere n'ay'inyuma y'imodoka akoreshwa n'inguvu, kandi umuvuduko wa moteri ushobora gukwiragizwa ku makurudumu yose mu bipimo bitandukanye bivanye n'imiterere itandukanye y'inzira kugira ngo imodoka ishobore gutwara neza. Kenshi na kenshi vyerekanywe na 4x4 canke 4WD. Iyo ubonye ivyo bimenyetso ku modoka, bisigura ko iyo modoka ifise ubushobozi bwo gutwara amaguru ane-. Kera, imodoka zitwara amaguru ane-zari zikoreshwa gusa mu modoka zigenda mu nzira, kandi buhoro buhoro ivyo vyaciye biboneka mu modoka zimwe zimwe z’agaciro kanini no mu modoka z’imikino z’agaciro kanini.
